[13] Thomas Merton,The Way of Chuang Tzu.p.14.
[14] Thomas Merton,The Way of Chuang Tzu.p.34.(原文:The true character of wu wei is not mere inactivity butperfect action—because it is an act without activity.In other words,it is an action not carried out independently of Heaven and earth and in conflict with the dynamism of the whole,but in perfect harmony with the whole.It is not mere passivity,but it is the action that seems both effortless and spontaneous because performed “rightly,” in perfect accordance with our nature and with our place in the scheme of things.It is completely free because there is in it no force and no violence.It is not “conditioned”or“limited”by our own individual needs and desires,or even by our own theories and ideas。)